Research

Reference materials, source annotations and research summaries that underpin our editorial coverage - including EFSA claim data, botanical science and UK regulatory context.

Authorised Nutrient Function Claims Relevant to This Review

The following table lists the EFSA-authorised function claims applicable to nutrients present in Wellaray Coffee. These are established regulatory statements - not marketing copy. They describe physiological roles, not promised health outcomes.

Nutrient EFSA-Authorised Claim Condition for Use Source
Vitamin B6 Contributes to normal protein and glycogen metabolism At least 15% NRV per serving (0.21 mg) Annex of EC 432/2012
Vitamin C Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism At least 15% NRV per serving (12 mg) Annex of EC 432/2012
Zinc Contributes to normal macronutrient metabolism At least 15% NRV per serving (1.5 mg) Annex of EC 432/2012
Caffeine Contributes to normal cognitive function; helps reduce tiredness and fatigue At least 75 mg per serving EFSA Opinion EFSA-Q-2010-01401
L-Carnitine Contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism As per product labelling declaration EC 432/2012 / EFSA NDA Panel

This table is provided for editorial reference. It is not exhaustive. Always refer to the official EFSA register at efsa.europa.eu for current authorised claims. The Riverstone Review is not affiliated with EFSA.

Selected Research Background: Key Botanical Ingredients

Green Coffee

Chlorogenic Acids in Green Coffee Bean Extract - Phytochemical Profile

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, peer-reviewed

Guarana

Paullinia cupana - Caffeine Content and Bioavailability Review

Phytotherapy Research, peer-reviewed

L-Carnitine

L-Carnitine in Human Metabolism: Biosynthesis, Dietary Sources and Supplementation

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, peer-reviewed

Caffeine

Caffeine and Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review

British Nutrition Foundation, evidence summary

Zinc

Zinc in Human Health: Metabolic Roles and Dietary Reference Values

EFSA NDA Panel Scientific Opinion

Vitamin B6

Pyridoxine and Macronutrient Metabolism: Regulatory and Mechanistic Overview

Nutrients Journal, MDPI, peer-reviewed

How Food Supplements Are Regulated in Great Britain

Food supplements sold in Great Britain are regulated under The Food Supplements (England) Regulations 2003, with equivalent legislation in Scotland and Wales. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) oversees compliance. Key points for consumers:

Food supplements are not medicines

A product sold as a food supplement cannot legally be marketed as treating, curing or preventing any disease. Only licensed medicines may make such claims. If a supplement makes medical claims, this is a red flag and may indicate non-compliance with UK regulations.

Permitted health claims must be authorised

Health and nutrition claims on food and supplement labels in Great Britain must be listed in the retained GB register of authorised claims (derived from EU Regulation 1924/2006 and Regulation 432/2012). Claims not on this list may not be used.

Novel foods and botanical ingredients

Some botanical ingredients require authorisation as novel foods before they may be sold. Established botanical ingredients with a documented history of use (such as guarana and green coffee extract) are generally treated under traditional use provisions, though specific extract concentrations may be subject to additional review.

Source: Food Standards Agency - food.gov.uk/business-guidance/food-supplements. This summary is for editorial reference only and is not legal advice.